France claims sovereignty over these various uninhabited islands, but this is disputed by Madagascar. Variously, they serve as nature reserves and meteorological stations, with minimal staff manning the stations. All three are protected by French troops which are based on the nearby island of Réunion.

When this part of Africa was decolonised in the 1960's, Cabinda was assimilated into greater Angola, even though it had been governed as a separate state up until then. Cabinda claims independence, but Angola also claims sovereignty, and currently controls it. Cabinda is not recognised by any other states, but many of it's independence-seeking groups continue fighting against Angola, with thousands of Cabinda citizens currently in Congolese refugee camps due to the fighting.

This archipelago operates as a nature reserve, which is manned by the French Foreign Legion, due to France holding overall control over the islands. The Glorioso Islands are also claimed by Madagascar, the Seychelles and Comoros. Madagascar is a close neighbour, and they are geographically part of both the Comoros Archipelago, and the Seychelles Archipelago.

Mayotte is an overseas collectivity of France, with two main islands, and many smaller islets around them. These islands are geographically part of the Comoros Islands, and are claimed by Comoros, but they have been ruled separately since the 1970's by the French.

This is a collection of small North African city states and islands, which all surround Morocco, and which have a combined total population of just over 140,000. They have been controlled by Spain for many centuries, who began the conquest of this area from the time of the Reconquista, an 800 year period in history which saw the Iberian peninsula gradually being taken back from North African Muslims, between 722 and 1492. Spain held great importance over having control over that part of Africa, to stop any future invading tribes before they even left the African continent, but nowadays it is unclear as to what their value is. Morocco claims sovereignty over the small city states of Ceuta and Melilla, and over some local island groups too, including Islas Chafarinas and Peñón de Alhucemas. Morocco also claims two other island groups, Isla de Alborán and Isla Perejil, both of which are geographically close to the others, but are not officially part of the Plazas de Soberanía group of territories. Spain maintains sovereignty over all of these islands and city states, and controls them too.

Claims independence since the 1991 collapse of the central government in Somalia, but Somalia also claims sovereignty. No states, or international organizations, currently recognise Somaliland, but it continues to work away in the background for this recognition. Puntland, another Somali region - which has declared itself as an autonomous region, but does not seek full independence from Somalia - also claims some of the land which Somaliland claims.

France claims sovereignty over this 1 mile long, and mostly flat, island. They keep a manned meteorological station on the large sandbank-styled island, which also boasts an airstrip that almost covers it's entire length. Mauritius and the Seychelles both dispute the French sovereignty of this uninhabited island.